Train Basics in Japan

A practical guide to how Japanese trains work and the basic rules and manners you should know.

Japan’s trains are extremely reliable and convenient. The system can look complicated, but the basics are straightforward.

Tickets vs. IC cards

If you have an IC card such as Suica or Pasmo, you usually do not need to buy paper tickets. Just tap in and out.

Basic flow

1. Tap your IC card at the gate

2. Wait in line at the platform markings

3. Let all passengers get off before boarding

4. Get off at your destination and tap out at the gate

How to find routes

Google Maps is usually the easiest option. Japanese apps such as Yahoo! Norikae are also very detailed.

How fares work

Train fares are based on distance. With an IC card, the correct amount is calculated automatically.

Important train etiquette

• Phone calls are generally avoided
• Keep your voice down
• Eating is usually avoided on local trains, though long-distance trains are different
• In crowded trains, hold your backpack in front of you
• Audio should always be through headphones

Transfers

Changing lines is called a transfer. In some stations, switching between different railway companies may require leaving one gate area and entering another, but your IC card will usually calculate the fare correctly.

Last train

Many lines stop running around midnight to 1 a.m., so it is important to check the last train time when you go out at night.